feat: add selectable `Rich` widget with an example

1 files changed, 841 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/text/rich.rs b/src/text/rich.rs
index e69de29..ae8bbab 100644
--- a/src/text/rich.rs
+++ b/src/text/rich.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,841 @@
+use iced_widget::graphics::text::Paragraph;
+
+use crate::core::alignment;
+use crate::core::clipboard;
+use crate::core::keyboard;
+use crate::core::keyboard::key;
+use crate::core::layout;
+use crate::core::mouse;
+use crate::core::renderer;
+use crate::core::text::{Paragraph as _, Span};
+use crate::core::touch;
+use crate::core::widget::text::{Alignment, LineHeight, Shaping, Wrapping};
+use crate::core::widget::tree::{self, Tree};
+use crate::core::{
+    self, Clipboard, Element, Event, Font, Layout, Length, Pixels, Point,
+    Rectangle, Shell, Size, Vector, Widget,
+};
+use crate::selection::{Selection, SelectionEnd};
+use crate::text::{Catalog, Style, StyleFn};
+
+/// A bunch of [`Rich`] text.
+pub struct Rich<
+    'a,
+    Link,
+    Message,
+    Theme = iced_widget::Theme,
+    Renderer = iced_widget::Renderer,
+> where
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
+    Theme: Catalog,
+    Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
+{
+    spans: Box<dyn AsRef<[Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>]> + 'a>,
+    size: Option<Pixels>,
+    line_height: LineHeight,
+    width: Length,
+    height: Length,
+    font: Option<Renderer::Font>,
+    align_x: Alignment,
+    align_y: alignment::Vertical,
+    wrapping: Wrapping,
+    class: Theme::Class<'a>,
+    hovered_link: Option<usize>,
+    on_link_click: Option<Box<dyn Fn(Link) -> Message + 'a>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>
+    Rich<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>
+where
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
+    Theme: Catalog,
+    Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
+    Renderer::Font: 'a,
+{
+    /// Creates a new empty [`Rich`] text.
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            spans: Box::new([]),
+            size: None,
+            line_height: LineHeight::default(),
+            width: Length::Shrink,
+            height: Length::Shrink,
+            font: None,
+            align_x: Alignment::Default,
+            align_y: alignment::Vertical::Top,
+            wrapping: Wrapping::default(),
+            class: Theme::default(),
+            hovered_link: None,
+            on_link_click: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new [`Rich`] text with the given text spans.
+    pub fn with_spans(
+        spans: impl AsRef<[Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>]> + 'a,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            spans: Box::new(spans),
+            ..Self::new()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the default size of the [`Rich`] text.
+    pub fn size(mut self, size: impl Into<Pixels>) -> Self {
+        self.size = Some(size.into());
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the default [`LineHeight`] of the [`Rich`] text.
+    pub fn line_height(mut self, line_height: impl Into<LineHeight>) -> Self {
+        self.line_height = line_height.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the default font of the [`Rich`] text.
+    pub fn font(mut self, font: impl Into<Renderer::Font>) -> Self {
+        self.font = Some(font.into());
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the width of the [`Rich`] text boundaries.
+    pub fn width(mut self, width: impl Into<Length>) -> Self {
+        self.width = width.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the height of the [`Rich`] text boundaries.
+    pub fn height(mut self, height: impl Into<Length>) -> Self {
+        self.height = height.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Centers the [`Rich`] text, both horizontally and vertically.
+    pub fn center(self) -> Self {
+        self.align_x(alignment::Horizontal::Center)
+            .align_y(alignment::Vertical::Center)
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the [`alignment::Horizontal`] of the [`Rich`] text.
+    pub fn align_x(mut self, alignment: impl Into<Alignment>) -> Self {
+        self.align_x = alignment.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the [`alignment::Vertical`] of the [`Rich`] text.
+    pub fn align_y(
+        mut self,
+        alignment: impl Into<alignment::Vertical>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.align_y = alignment.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the [`Wrapping`] strategy of the [`Rich`] text.
+    pub fn wrapping(mut self, wrapping: Wrapping) -> Self {
+        self.wrapping = wrapping;
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the message that will be produced when a link of the [`Rich`] text
+    /// is clicked.
+    pub fn on_link_click(
+        mut self,
+        on_link_clicked: impl Fn(Link) -> Message + 'a,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.on_link_click = Some(Box::new(on_link_clicked));
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the default style of the [`Rich`] text.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn style(mut self, style: impl Fn(&Theme) -> Style + 'a) -> Self
+    where
+        Theme::Class<'a>: From<StyleFn<'a, Theme>>,
+    {
+        self.class = (Box::new(style) as StyleFn<'a, Theme>).into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the default style class of the [`Rich`] text.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn class(mut self, class: impl Into<Theme::Class<'a>>) -> Self {
+        self.class = class.into();
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer> Default
+    for Rich<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>
+where
+    Link: Clone + 'a,
+    Theme: Catalog,
+    Renderer: core::text::Renderer<Paragraph = Paragraph, Font = Font>,
+    Renderer::Font: 'a,
+{
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+struct State<Link> {
+    spans: Vec<Span<'static, Link, Font>>,
+    span_pressed: Option<usize>,
+    paragraph: Paragraph,
+    is_hovered: bool,
+    selection: Selection,
+    is_dragging: bool,
+    last_click: Option<mouse::Click>,
+    keyboard_modifiers: keyboard::Modifiers,
+}
+
+impl<Link> State<Link> {
+    fn grapheme_line_and_index(&self, point: Point) -> Option<(usize, usize)> {
+        let cursor = self.paragraph.buffer().hit(point.x, point.y)?;
+        let value = self.paragraph.buffer().lines[cursor.line].text();
+
+        Some((
+            cursor.line,
+            unicode_segmentation::UnicodeSegmentation::graphemes(
+                &value[..cursor.index.min(value.len())],
+                true,
+            )
+            .count(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    fn selection_end_points(&self) -> [Point; 2] {
+        let Selection { start, end, .. } = self.selection;
+
+        let start_position = self
+            .paragraph
+            .grapheme_position(start.line, start.index)
+            .unwrap_or(Point::ORIGIN);
+
+        let end_position = self
+            .paragraph
+            .grapheme_position(end.line, end.index)
+            .unwrap_or(Point::ORIGIN);
+
+        [start_position, end_position]
+    }
+}
+
+impl<Link, Message, Theme, Renderer> Widget<Message, Theme, Renderer>
+    for Rich<'_, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>
+where
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
+    Theme: Catalog,
+    Renderer: core::text::Renderer<Paragraph = Paragraph, Font = Font>,
+{
+    fn tag(&self) -> tree::Tag {
+        tree::Tag::of::<State<Link>>()
+    }
+
+    fn state(&self) -> tree::State {
+        tree::State::new(State::<Link> {
+            spans: Vec::new(),
+            span_pressed: None,
+            paragraph: Paragraph::default(),
+            is_hovered: false,
+            selection: Selection::default(),
+            is_dragging: false,
+            last_click: None,
+            keyboard_modifiers: keyboard::Modifiers::default(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn size(&self) -> Size<Length> {
+        Size {
+            width: self.width,
+            height: self.height,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn layout(
+        &mut self,
+        tree: &mut Tree,
+        renderer: &Renderer,
+        limits: &layout::Limits,
+    ) -> layout::Node {
+        layout(
+            tree.state.downcast_mut::<State<Link>>(),
+            renderer,
+            limits,
+            self.width,
+            self.height,
+            self.spans.as_ref().as_ref(),
+            self.line_height,
+            self.size,
+            self.font,
+            self.align_x,
+            self.align_y,
+            self.wrapping,
+        )
+    }
+
+    fn draw(
+        &self,
+        tree: &Tree,
+        renderer: &mut Renderer,
+        theme: &Theme,
+        defaults: &renderer::Style,
+        layout: Layout<'_>,
+        _cursor: mouse::Cursor,
+        viewport: &Rectangle,
+    ) {
+        if !layout.bounds().intersects(viewport) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let state = tree.state.downcast_ref::<State<Link>>();
+
+        let style = theme.style(&self.class);
+
+        for (index, span) in self.spans.as_ref().as_ref().iter().enumerate() {
+            let is_hovered_link = self.on_link_click.is_some()
+                && Some(index) == self.hovered_link;
+
+            if span.highlight.is_some()
+                || span.underline
+                || span.strikethrough
+                || is_hovered_link
+            {
+                let translation = layout.position() - Point::ORIGIN;
+                let regions = state.paragraph.span_bounds(index);
+
+                if let Some(highlight) = span.highlight {
+                    for bounds in &regions {
+                        let bounds = Rectangle::new(
+                            bounds.position()
+                                - Vector::new(
+                                    span.padding.left,
+                                    span.padding.top,
+                                ),
+                            bounds.size()
+                                + Size::new(
+                                    span.padding.horizontal(),
+                                    span.padding.vertical(),
+                                ),
+                        );
+
+                        renderer.fill_quad(
+                            renderer::Quad {
+                                bounds: bounds + translation,
+                                border: highlight.border,
+                                ..Default::default()
+                            },
+                            highlight.background,
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if span.underline || span.strikethrough || is_hovered_link {
+                    let size = span
+                        .size
+                        .or(self.size)
+                        .unwrap_or(renderer.default_size());
+
+                    let line_height = span
+                        .line_height
+                        .unwrap_or(self.line_height)
+                        .to_absolute(size);
+
+                    let color = span
+                        .color
+                        .or(style.color)
+                        .unwrap_or(defaults.text_color);
+
+                    let baseline = translation
+                        + Vector::new(
+                            0.0,
+                            size.0 + (line_height.0 - size.0) / 2.0,
+                        );
+
+                    if span.underline || is_hovered_link {
+                        for bounds in &regions {
+                            renderer.fill_quad(
+                                renderer::Quad {
+                                    bounds: Rectangle::new(
+                                        bounds.position() + baseline
+                                            - Vector::new(0.0, size.0 * 0.08),
+                                        Size::new(bounds.width, 1.0),
+                                    ),
+                                    ..Default::default()
+                                },
+                                color,
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if span.strikethrough {
+                        for bounds in &regions {
+                            renderer.fill_quad(
+                                renderer::Quad {
+                                    bounds: Rectangle::new(
+                                        bounds.position() + baseline
+                                            - Vector::new(0.0, size.0 / 2.0),
+                                        Size::new(bounds.width, 1.0),
+                                    ),
+                                    ..Default::default()
+                                },
+                                color,
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if !state.selection.is_empty() {
+            let bounds = layout.bounds();
+
+            let [start, end] = state
+                .selection_end_points()
+                .map(|pos| pos + Vector::new(bounds.x, bounds.y));
+
+            let line_height = self
+                .line_height
+                .to_absolute(
+                    self.size.unwrap_or_else(|| renderer.default_size()),
+                )
+                .0;
+
+            let baseline_y = bounds.y
+                + ((start.y - bounds.y) / line_height).floor() * line_height;
+
+            // The correct code, uncomment when glyphs report a correct `y` value.
+            //
+            // let height = end.y - baseline_y - 0.5;
+            // let rows = (height / line_height).ceil() as usize;
+            //
+            // Temporary solution
+            let rows =
+                state.selection.end.line - state.selection.start.line + 1;
+
+            for row in 0..rows {
+                let (x, width) = if row == 0 {
+                    (
+                        start.x,
+                        if rows == 1 {
+                            end.x.min(bounds.x + bounds.width) - start.x
+                        } else {
+                            bounds.x + bounds.width - start.x
+                        },
+                    )
+                } else if row == rows - 1 {
+                    (bounds.x, end.x - bounds.x)
+                } else {
+                    (bounds.x, bounds.width)
+                };
+
+                let y = baseline_y + row as f32 * line_height;
+
+                renderer.fill_quad(
+                    renderer::Quad {
+                        bounds: Rectangle {
+                            x,
+                            y,
+                            width,
+                            height: line_height,
+                        },
+                        snap: true,
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    },
+                    style.selection,
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        crate::text::draw(
+            renderer,
+            defaults,
+            layout.bounds(),
+            &state.paragraph,
+            style,
+            viewport,
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn update(
+        &mut self,
+        tree: &mut Tree,
+        event: &Event,
+        layout: Layout<'_>,
+        cursor: mouse::Cursor,
+        _renderer: &Renderer,
+        clipboard: &mut dyn Clipboard,
+        shell: &mut Shell<'_, Message>,
+        viewport: &Rectangle,
+    ) {
+        let state = tree.state.downcast_mut::<State<Link>>();
+
+        let bounds = layout.bounds();
+        let click_position = cursor.position_in(bounds);
+
+        if viewport.intersection(&bounds).is_none()
+            && state.selection == Selection::default()
+            && !state.is_dragging
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let link_was_hovered = self.hovered_link.is_some();
+        let was_hovered = state.is_hovered;
+        let selection_before = state.selection;
+
+        state.is_hovered = click_position.is_some();
+
+        if let Some(position) = click_position {
+            self.hovered_link =
+                state.paragraph.hit_span(position).and_then(|span| {
+                    if self.spans.as_ref().as_ref().get(span)?.link.is_some() {
+                        Some(span)
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
+                });
+        } else {
+            self.hovered_link = None;
+        }
+
+        match event {
+            Event::Mouse(mouse::Event::ButtonPressed(mouse::Button::Left))
+            | Event::Touch(touch::Event::FingerPressed { .. }) => {
+                if self.hovered_link.is_some() {
+                    state.span_pressed = self.hovered_link;
+                    shell.capture_event();
+                }
+
+                if let Some(position) = click_position {
+                    let click = mouse::Click::new(
+                        position,
+                        mouse::Button::Left,
+                        state.last_click,
+                    );
+
+                    let (line, index) = state
+                        .grapheme_line_and_index(position)
+                        .unwrap_or((0, 0));
+
+                    match click.kind() {
+                        mouse::click::Kind::Single => {
+                            let new_end = SelectionEnd { line, index };
+
+                            if state.keyboard_modifiers.shift() {
+                                state.selection.change_selection(new_end);
+                                state.is_dragging = true;
+                            } else if state.span_pressed.is_none() {
+                                state.selection.select_range(new_end, new_end);
+                                state.is_dragging = true;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        mouse::click::Kind::Double => {
+                            state.selection.select_word(
+                                line,
+                                index,
+                                &state.paragraph,
+                            );
+                            state.is_dragging = false;
+                        }
+                        mouse::click::Kind::Triple => {
+                            state.selection.select_line(line, &state.paragraph);
+                            state.is_dragging = false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    state.selection = Selection::default();
+                }
+            }
+            Event::Mouse(mouse::Event::ButtonReleased(mouse::Button::Left))
+            | Event::Touch(touch::Event::FingerLifted { .. })
+            | Event::Touch(touch::Event::FingerLost { .. }) => {
+                state.is_dragging = false;
+                if !matches!(
+                    event,
+                    Event::Touch(touch::Event::FingerLost { .. })
+                ) && state.selection.is_empty()
+                {
+                    match state.span_pressed {
+                        Some(span) if Some(span) == self.hovered_link => {
+                            if let Some((link, on_link_clicked)) = self
+                                .spans
+                                .as_ref()
+                                .as_ref()
+                                .get(span)
+                                .and_then(|span| span.link.clone())
+                                .zip(self.on_link_click.as_deref())
+                            {
+                                shell.publish(on_link_clicked(link));
+                            }
+                        }
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+
+                    state.span_pressed = None;
+                }
+            }
+            Event::Mouse(mouse::Event::CursorMoved { .. })
+            | Event::Touch(touch::Event::FingerMoved { .. }) => {
+                if let Some(position) = click_position
+                    && state.is_dragging
+                {
+                    let (line, index) = state
+                        .grapheme_line_and_index(position)
+                        .unwrap_or((0, 0));
+
+                    let new_end = SelectionEnd { line, index };
+
+                    state.selection.change_selection(new_end);
+                }
+            }
+            Event::Keyboard(keyboard::Event::KeyPressed { key, .. }) => {
+                match key.as_ref() {
+                    keyboard::Key::Character("c")
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.command()
+                            && !state.selection.is_empty() =>
+                    {
+                        clipboard.write(
+                            clipboard::Kind::Standard,
+                            state.selection.text(&state.paragraph),
+                        );
+
+                        shell.capture_event();
+                    }
+                    keyboard::Key::Character("a")
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.command()
+                            && state.selection != Selection::default() =>
+                    {
+                        state.selection.select_all(&state.paragraph);
+
+                        shell.capture_event();
+                    }
+                    keyboard::Key::Named(key::Named::Home)
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.shift()
+                            && state.selection != Selection::default() =>
+                    {
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.jump() {
+                            state.selection.select_beginning();
+                        } else {
+                            state.selection.select_line_beginning();
+                        }
+
+                        shell.capture_event();
+                    }
+                    keyboard::Key::Named(key::Named::End)
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.shift()
+                            && state.selection != Selection::default() =>
+                    {
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.jump() {
+                            state.selection.select_end(&state.paragraph);
+                        } else {
+                            state.selection.select_line_end(&state.paragraph);
+                        }
+
+                        shell.capture_event();
+                    }
+                    keyboard::Key::Named(key::Named::ArrowLeft)
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.shift()
+                            && state.selection != Selection::default() =>
+                    {
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.macos_command() {
+                            state.selection.select_line_beginning();
+                        } else if state.keyboard_modifiers.jump() {
+                            state
+                                .selection
+                                .select_left_by_words(&state.paragraph);
+                        } else {
+                            state.selection.select_left(&state.paragraph);
+                        }
+
+                        shell.capture_event();
+                    }
+                    keyboard::Key::Named(key::Named::ArrowRight)
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.shift()
+                            && state.selection != Selection::default() =>
+                    {
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.macos_command() {
+                            state.selection.select_line_end(&state.paragraph);
+                        } else if state.keyboard_modifiers.jump() {
+                            state
+                                .selection
+                                .select_right_by_words(&state.paragraph);
+                        } else {
+                            state.selection.select_right(&state.paragraph);
+                        }
+
+                        shell.capture_event();
+                    }
+                    keyboard::Key::Named(key::Named::ArrowUp)
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.shift()
+                            && state.selection != Selection::default() =>
+                    {
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.macos_command() {
+                            state.selection.select_beginning();
+                        } else if state.keyboard_modifiers.jump() {
+                            state.selection.select_line_beginning();
+                        } else {
+                            state.selection.select_up(&state.paragraph);
+                        }
+
+                        shell.capture_event();
+                    }
+                    keyboard::Key::Named(key::Named::ArrowDown)
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.shift()
+                            && state.selection != Selection::default() =>
+                    {
+                        if state.keyboard_modifiers.macos_command() {
+                            state.selection.select_end(&state.paragraph);
+                        } else if state.keyboard_modifiers.jump() {
+                            state.selection.select_line_end(&state.paragraph);
+                        } else {
+                            state.selection.select_down(&state.paragraph);
+                        }
+
+                        shell.capture_event();
+                    }
+                    keyboard::Key::Named(key::Named::Escape) => {
+                        state.is_dragging = false;
+                        state.selection = Selection::default();
+
+                        state.keyboard_modifiers =
+                            keyboard::Modifiers::default();
+
+                        if state.selection != selection_before {
+                            shell.capture_event();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+            Event::Keyboard(keyboard::Event::ModifiersChanged(modifiers)) => {
+                state.keyboard_modifiers = *modifiers;
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+
+        if state.is_hovered != was_hovered
+            || state.selection != selection_before
+            || self.hovered_link.is_some() != link_was_hovered
+        {
+            shell.request_redraw();
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn mouse_interaction(
+        &self,
+        _tree: &Tree,
+        layout: Layout<'_>,
+        cursor: mouse::Cursor,
+        _viewport: &Rectangle,
+        _renderer: &Renderer,
+    ) -> mouse::Interaction {
+        if self.hovered_link.is_some() {
+            mouse::Interaction::Pointer
+        } else if cursor.is_over(layout.bounds()) {
+            mouse::Interaction::Text
+        } else {
+            mouse::Interaction::None
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+fn layout<Link, Renderer>(
+    state: &mut State<Link>,
+    renderer: &Renderer,
+    limits: &layout::Limits,
+    width: Length,
+    height: Length,
+    spans: &[Span<'_, Link, Renderer::Font>],
+    line_height: LineHeight,
+    size: Option<Pixels>,
+    font: Option<Renderer::Font>,
+    align_x: Alignment,
+    align_y: alignment::Vertical,
+    wrapping: Wrapping,
+) -> layout::Node
+where
+    Link: Clone,
+    Renderer: core::text::Renderer<Paragraph = Paragraph, Font = Font>,
+{
+    layout::sized(limits, width, height, |limits| {
+        let bounds = limits.max();
+
+        let size = size.unwrap_or_else(|| renderer.default_size());
+        let font = font.unwrap_or_else(|| renderer.default_font());
+
+        let text_with_spans = || core::Text {
+            content: spans,
+            bounds,
+            size,
+            line_height,
+            font,
+            align_x,
+            align_y,
+            shaping: Shaping::Advanced,
+            wrapping,
+        };
+
+        if state.spans != spans {
+            state.paragraph =
+                Renderer::Paragraph::with_spans(text_with_spans());
+            state.spans = spans.iter().cloned().map(Span::to_static).collect();
+        } else {
+            match state.paragraph.compare(core::Text {
+                content: (),
+                bounds,
+                size,
+                line_height,
+                font,
+                align_x,
+                align_y,
+                shaping: Shaping::Advanced,
+                wrapping,
+            }) {
+                core::text::Difference::None => {}
+                core::text::Difference::Bounds => {
+                    state.paragraph.resize(bounds);
+                }
+                core::text::Difference::Shape => {
+                    state.paragraph =
+                        Renderer::Paragraph::with_spans(text_with_spans());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        state.paragraph.min_bounds()
+    })
+}
+
+impl<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>
+    FromIterator<Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>>
+    for Rich<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>
+where
+    Link: Clone + 'a,
+    Theme: Catalog,
+    Renderer: core::text::Renderer<Paragraph = Paragraph, Font = Font>,
+    Renderer::Font: 'a,
+{
+    fn from_iter<T: IntoIterator<Item = Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>>>(
+        spans: T,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self::with_spans(spans.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>
+    From<Rich<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>>
+    for Element<'a, Message, Theme, Renderer>
+where
+    Message: 'a,
+    Link: Clone + 'a,
+    Theme: Catalog + 'a,
+    Renderer: core::text::Renderer<Paragraph = Paragraph, Font = Font> + 'a,
+{
+    fn from(
+        text: Rich<'a, Link, Message, Theme, Renderer>,
+    ) -> Element<'a, Message, Theme, Renderer> {
+        Element::new(text)
+    }
+}